2017-10-20

Python 配置

10.12.6

10.13

10.13.4 2018-05-05 20:01

10.15.6

安装

macOS ~~安装依赖~~

1	brew install readline openssl xz zlib

Ubuntu 安装依赖

1
2
3

apt install -y gcc make git patch zlib1g-dev libbz2-dev libsqlite3-dev python3-dev libxml2-dev libffi-dev libssl-dev libreadline6-dev libgdbm-dev libncurses5-dev

apt install -y curl wget

CentOS 安装依赖

1	yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ make git patch openssl-devel zlib-devel readline-devel sqlite sqlite-devel bzip2-devel curl wget ncurses-devel sqlite-devel gdbm-devel xz-devel tk-devel

pyenv

安装pyenv

1	git clone https://github.com/pyenv/pyenv.git ~/.pyenv

添加环境变量

~/.zshrc

# pyenv start
export PYENV_ROOT="${HOME}/.pyenv"

if [ -d "${PYENV_ROOT}" ]; then
	export PATH="${PYENV_ROOT}/bin:${PATH}"
	eval "$(pyenv init -)"
fi
# pyenv end

重新加载shell

1	exec $SHELL -l

查看可安装Python版本

1	pyenv install -l

安装Python

ERROR: The Python ssl extension was not compiled. Missing the OpenSSL lib?

# 可以提前下载 python xz 文件，设置环境变量。
export PYTHON_BUILD_CACHE_PATH=~/Downloads

# 安装 Python 3.6.1，如果有问题可以添加 CFLAGS。
# CFLAGS="-I$(brew --prefix openssl)/include" \
# LDFLAGS="-L$(brew --prefix openssl)/lib" \
# CFLAGS="-I$(xcrun --show-sdk-path)/usr/include" \
pyenv install -v 3.6.1

设置默认版本

1 2	pyenv global 3.6.5 pyenv rehash

查看python版本

python -V

设置

pip 使用豆瓣源

mkdir ~/.pip && cat >~/.pip/pip.conf<<EOF
[global]
index-url = https://pypi.douban.com/simple
--format=columns
EOF

更新pip

1	pip install --upgrade pip

安装插件

~~virtualenvwrapper~~

$ pip install virtualenvwrapper

# start virtualwrapper
PY=$HOME/.pyenv/versions/3.6.5/bin
VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_PYTHON=$PY/python
export VIRTUALENV_USE_DISTRIBUTE=1
export WORKON_HOME=~/.virtualenv
if [ -e $PY/virtualenvwrapper.sh ]; then
    source $PY/virtualenvwrapper.sh
else
    echo "error, cannot found virtualenvwrapper"
fi
export PIP_VIRTUALENV_BASE=$WORKON_HOME
export PIP_RESPECT_VIRTUALENV=true
export PIP_REQUIRE_VIRTUALENV=true
# end virtualwrapper

~~pipenv~~

1	brew install pipenv

~~弃用pip安装方式~~

1	pip install pipenv

~~pipenv环境变量~~

$ vim ~/.zshrc

# start pipenv
eval "$(pipenv --completion)"
# end pipenv

python虚拟环境

# 新建虚拟环境
mkvirtualenv test
# 新建虚拟环境并指定python版本
mkvirtualenv django_xadmin --python=/Users/jinlong/.pyenv/versions/2.7.12/bin/python
# 使用虚拟环境
workon test
# 离开虚拟环境
deactivate
# 删除虚拟环境
rmvirtualenv test